In this process, an electron with a high kinetic energy is detached by a probe pulse from a surface of a material, from molecular layer or from an aligned molecule. The momentum distribution of a photoelectron is measured. Due to a high kinetic energy, the photoelectron has an ultrashort de Broglie wave length, and its momentum distribution contains details about the related orbitals with subnanometer resolution. If a photoelectron is detached by an ultrashort probe pulse, then electron dynamics can be followed in a time-resolved manner.

Attosecond XUV imaging with photoelectrons proposed by our theory:

https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.94.013412

https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.023101

https://www.cui-advanced.uni-hamburg.de/en/research/wissenschaftsnews/23-11-29-photo-electron-microscopy.html

Time-resolved momentum microscopy, experiment and theory:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-30404-6

https://www.cui-advanced.uni-hamburg.de/en/research/wissenschaftsnews/22-05-18-surface.html

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2599640/v1